Bhagavad Gita / Chapter 10

Vibhūti Yoga — The Yoga of Sovereignty

Arjuna asks Krishna to describe his own divine glories in fuller detail, and Krishna responds with an extended catalogue of manifestations — declaring himself the foremost member of category after category, from the Ganges among rivers to the Himalaya among mountains to the syllable Om among speech — as a way of teaching Arjuna to recognize him in the world. The chapter closes by insisting the list is only illustrative, not exhaustive, and that any glorious or beautiful thing at all springs from a mere fragment of Krishna's splendor, since one fragment of him already sustains the entire universe. That closing image of partial, fragmentary pervasion is precisely what leaves Arjuna unsatisfied and drives his request in Chapter 11 to see Krishna's whole form directly.

Concept map for this chapter
10.1

Again, O mighty-armed, hear thou My supreme word, that, desiring thy welfare, I will declare to thee who art beloved.

chapter-transitionkrishna-speech
10.2

The multitude of the Shining Ones, or the great Rishis, know not my forthcoming, for I am the beginning of all the Shining Ones and the great Rishis.

divine-originunoriginate
10.3

He who knoweth Me, unborn, beginningless, the great Lord of the world, he among mortals without delusion, is liberated from all sin.

liberationknowledge-as-freedom
10.4

Reason, wisdom, non-illusion, forgiveness, truth, self-restraint, calmness, pleasure, pain, existence, non-existence, fear, and also courage

emanationdualities
10.5

Harmlessness, equanimity, content, austerity, almsgiving, fame and obloquy are the various characteristics of beings issuing from Me.

emanationethical-virtues
10.6

The seven great Rishis, the ancient Four, and also the Manus, were born of My nature, and mind; of them this race was generated.

cosmologyseven-rishis
10.7

He who knows in essence that sovereignty and yoga of Mine, he is harmonised by unfaltering yoga; there is no doubt thereof.

vibhuti-yogasteadfastness
10.8

I am the Generator of all; all evolves from Me; understanding thus, the wise adore Me in rapt emotion.

source-of-allbhakti
10.9

Mindful of Me, their life hidden in Me, illumining each other, ever conversing about Me, they are content and joyful.

devotioncommunion
10.10

To these, ever harmonious, worshipping in love, I give the yoga of discrimination by which they come unto Me.

buddhi-yogagrace
10.11

Out of pure compassion for them, dwelling within their Self, I destroy the ignorance-born darkness by the shining lamp of wisdom.

inner-gurulamp-of-knowledge
10.12

Thou art the supreme Eternal, the supreme Abode, the supreme Purity, eternal divine man, primeval Deity, unborn, the Lord!

arjuna-speechsupreme-brahman
10.13

All the Rishis have thus acclaimed Thee, as also the divine Rishi, Nârada; so Asita, Devala, and Vyâsa; and now Thou Thyself tellest it me.

testimonysages
10.14

All this I believe true that Thou sayest to me, O Keshava. Thy manifestation, O Blessed Lord, neither Shining Ones nor Dânavas comprehend.

faithdivine-mystery
10.15

Thyself indeed knowest Thyself by Thyself, O Purushottama; Source of beings, Lord of beings, Shining One of Shining Ones, Ruler of the world!

self-knowledgeapophatic
10.16

Deign to tell without reserve of Thine own divine glories, by which glories Thou remainest, pervading these worlds.

arjuna-requestdivine-glories
10.17

How may I know thee, O Yogi, by constant meditation? In what, in what aspects art Thou to be thought of by me, O blessed Lord?

meditationarjuna-request
10.18

In detail tell me again of Thy yoga and glory, O Janardana; for me there is never satiety in hearing thy life-giving words.

arjuna-requestinsatiable-hearing
10.19

Blessed be thou! I will declare to thee My divine glory by its chief characteristics, O best of the Kurus; there is no end to details of Me.

krishna-resumesinfinite-glory
10.20

I, O Gudakesha, am the Self, seated in the heart of all beings; I am the beginning, the middle, and also the end of all beings.

self-in-all-beingsalpha-omega
10.21

Of the Adityas I am Vishnu; of radiances the glorious sun; I am Marîchi of the Maruts; of the asterisms the Moon am I.

vibhuti-listcelestial-bodies
10.22

Of the Vedas I am the Sâma-Veda; I am Vâsava of the Shining Ones; and of the senses I am the mind; I am of living beings the intelligence.

vibhuti-listvedas
10.23

And of the Rudras Shañkara am I; Vittesha of the Yakshas and Râkshasas; and of the Vasus I am Pâvaka; Meru of high mountains am I.

vibhuti-listmountains
10.24

And know Me, O Pârtha, of household priests the chief, Brihaspati: of generals I am Skanda; of lakes I am the ocean.

vibhuti-listpriesthood
10.25

Of the great Rishis Bhṛigu; of speech I am the one syllable; of sacrifices I am the sacrifice of silent repetitions; of immovable things the Himâlaya.

vibhuti-listsacred-syllable
10.26

Asvattha of all tree; and of divine Rishis Nârada; of Gandharvas Chitraratha; of the perfected the Muni Kapila.

vibhuti-listsages
10.27

Uchchaishravas of horses know me, nectar-born; Airâvata of lordly elephants, and of men the Monarch.

vibhuti-listanimals
10.28

Of weapons I am the thunderbolt; of cows I am Kâmadhuk; I am Kandarpa of the progenitors; of serpents Vâsuki am I.

vibhuti-listweapons
10.29

And I am Ananta of Nâgas, Varuna of sea-dwellers I; and of ancestors Aryaman; Yama of governors am I.

vibhuti-listcosmic-order
10.30

And I am Prahlâda of Daityas; of calculators Time am I; and of wild beasts I the imperial beast; and Vainateya of birds.

vibhuti-listtime
10.31

Of purifiers I am the wind; Rama of warriors I; and I am Makara of fishes; of streams the Gangâ am I.

vibhuti-listrivers
10.32

Of creations the beginning and the ending, and also the middle am I, O Arjuna. Of sciences the science concerning the Self; the speech of orators I.

vibhuti-listself-knowledge
10.33

Of letters the letter A I am, and the duality of a compound; I also everlasting Time; I the Supporter, whose face turns everywhere.

vibhuti-listlanguage
10.34

And all-devouring Death am I, and the origin of all to come; and of feminine qualities, fame, prosperity, speech, memory, intelligence, constancy, forgiveness.

vibhuti-listdeath
10.35

Of hymns also Brihatsâman; Gâyatrî of metres am I; of months I am Mârgasîrsha; of seasons the flowery.

vibhuti-listvedic-meters
10.36

I am the gambling of the cheat, and the splendour of splendid things I; I am victory, I am determination, and the truth of the truthful I.

vibhuti-listparadox
10.37

Of the Vṛishnis Vâsudeva am I; of the Pândavas Dhananjaya; of the Sages also I am Vyâsa; of poets Ushanâ the Bard.

vibhuti-listepic-figures
10.38

Of rulers I am the sceptre; of those that seek victory I am statesmanship; and of secrets I am also silence; the knowledge of knowers am I.

vibhuti-liststatecraft
10.39

And whatsoever is the seed of all beings, that am I, O Arjuna; nor is there aught, moving or unmoving, that may exist bereft of Me.

vibhuti-listseed-of-existence
10.40

There is no end of My divine powers, O Parantapa. What has been declared is illustrative of My infinite glory.

illustrative-not-exhaustiveinfinite-glory
10.41

Whatsoever is glorious, good, beautiful, and mighty, understand thou that to go forth from a fragment of My splendour.

splendorbeauty-as-divine
10.42

But what is the knowledge of all these details to thee, O Arjuna? Having pervaded this whole universe with one fragment of Myself, I remain.

chapter-closinguniversal-pervasion