11.38

Sanskrit

त्वमादिदेवः पुरुषः पुराणस्त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम् । वेत्ताऽसि वेद्यं च परं च धाम त्वया ततं विश्वमनन्तरूप ॥

tvam ādidevaḥ puruṣaḥ purāṇas tvam asya viśvasya paraṃ nidhānam vettā'si vedyaṃ ca paraṃ ca dhāma tvayā tataṃ viśvam anantarūpa

Translation

First of the Gods, most ancient Man Thou art. Supreme receptacle of all that lives; Knower and known, the dwelling-place on high; In Thy vast Form the universe is spread.

Annie Besant · The Bhagavad-Gita, translated by Annie Besant (4th ed., 1922) — Wikisource · Public Domain

Explanation

The epithets stop describing Krishna from outside and start collapsing distinctions around him instead: “vettā ‘si vedyaṃ ca,” Thou art the knower and the known — subject and object folded into the same referent. This kind of paired-opposite naming is a stotra convention as much as a philosophical claim, but the vocabulary (“puruṣaḥ purāṇaḥ,” the ancient Person) reaches directly back to Vedic cosmology, the same figure whose dismemberment the Puruṣa Sūkta uses to explain how the world came to be divided into its parts.