11.40

Sanskrit

नमः पुरस्तादथ पृष्ठतस्ते नमोऽस्तु ते सर्वत एव सर्व । अनन्तवीर्यामितविक्रमस्त्वम् सर्वं समाप्नोषि ततोऽसि सर्वः ॥

namaḥ purastād atha pṛṣṭhatas te namo'stu te sarvata eva sarva anantavīryāmitavikramas tvam sarvaṃ samāpnoṣi tato'si sarvaḥ

Translation

Prostrate in front of Thee, prostrate behind; Prostrate on every side to Thee, O All. In power boundless, measureless in strength, Thou holdest all: then Thou Thyself art All.

Annie Besant · The Bhagavad-Gita, translated by Annie Besant (4th ed., 1922) — Wikisource · Public Domain

Explanation

The spatial totality first described back in verse 20 — the space between earth and heaven filled by this one form — becomes, here, a formal argument rather than an observation: “sarvaṃ samāpnoṣi tato ‘si sarvaḥ,” Thou pervadest all, therefore Thou art all. That “tataḥ,” therefore, marks a real inference, not just accumulating praise — pervasion is being used as proof of identity. The fourfold “namaḥ,” prostration, from front, behind, and every side, completes the spatial picture the hymn has been building since it began at verse 36: there is no longer a “there” from which Krishna could be approached, only directions that all lead back into him.