Notes / Bhagavad Gita / Concepts

Karma (कर्म)

The Gita's technical sense of karma — action itself, and the discipline of acting without attachment to its fruit — distinct from the popular "cosmic reward and punishment" meaning of the word.

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In everyday usage “karma” has drifted to mean something like cosmic bookkeeping — good deeds earn good luck, bad deeds earn bad. That isn’t the sense the word carries in the Bhagavad Gita’s second chapter. There it means simply action, and the chapter’s central practical teaching is about the right relationship to it, not its metaphysical accounting.

Action without attachment to the fruit

The teaching is compressed into BG 2.47: you have standing over the action itself, never over its result. BG 2.48 gives the discipline its technical name — Yoga (योग) — evenness of mind toward success and failure alike, established in which one should act.

This is not a call to indifference or inaction. The Gita is explicit, repeatedly, that withdrawing from action is itself a kind of attachment — to the appearance of renunciation. The discipline is harder than either extreme: act fully, and let go of the anticipated result as your motive for acting.

  • Yoga (योग) — the discipline that names this evenness of mind
  • Dharma (धर्म) — one’s own duty is the content of right action; karma yoga is the manner of performing it

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