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Brahman (ब्रह्मन्)

Brahman is the Gita’s word for the unconditioned reality that its several disciplines all aim at. It appears first as a destination: BG 2.72 ends chapter 2 with “brahma-nirvāṇa,” extinction-into-Brahman, “attaining which one is not deluded, and abiding in which even at the last hour one reaches it.” Chapters 5 and 18 give the attained condition a name, brahmabhūta — “become Brahman” (BG 5.24, BG 18.54) — a serene, desireless evenness toward all beings.

Not an abstraction opposed to the personal

Chapter 13 identifies Brahman with the ultimate object of knowledge, “beginningless … said to be neither existent nor non-existent” (BG 13.12), and BG 14.27 has Krishna say “I am the ground of Brahman” — so in the Gita’s frame Brahman is not a rival to the personal God but its impersonal aspect. The tantric formula at BG 4.24, where the offering, the fire, and the offerer are all Brahman, makes the same point in ritual terms: for one established in this seeing, there is no non-Brahman left to act on.

Verses that reference this

4.24

The Eternal the oblation, the Eternal the clarified butter, are offered in the Eternal fire by the Eternal; unto the Eternal verily shall he go who in his action meditateth wholly upon the Eternal.

yajnanon-duality
4.31

The eaters of the life-giving remains of sacrifice go to the changeless Eternal. This world is not for the non-sacrificer, much less the other, O best of the Kurus.

yajnaamrita
5.16

Verily, in whom unwisdom is destroyed by the wisdom of the Self, in them wisdom, shining as the sun, reveals the Supreme.

knowledgeignorance
5.24

He who is happy within, who rejoiceth within, who is illuminated within, that Yogî, becoming the Eternal, goeth to the Peace of the Eternal.

inner-blissliberation
6.38

Fallen from both, is he destroyed like a rent cloud, unsteadfast, O mighty-armed, deluded in the path of the Eternal?

arjunadoubt
7.7

There is naught whatsoever higher than I, O Dhananjaya. All this is threaded on Me, as rows of pearls on a string.

immanencepearls-metaphor
8.1

What is that Eternal, what Self-knowledge, what Action, O Purushottama? And what is declared to be the knowledge of the Elements, what is called the knowledge of the Shining Ones?

arjunas-questionsbrahman
10.12

Thou art the supreme Eternal, the supreme Abode, the supreme Purity, eternal divine man, primeval Deity, unborn, the Lord!

arjuna-speechsupreme-brahman
13.14

Everywhere That hath hands and feet, everywhere eyes, heads, and mouths; all-hearing, He dwelleth in the world, enveloping all,

brahmanparadox
13.15

Shining with all sense-faculties without any senses; unattached supporting everything and free from qualities enjoying qualities;

brahmangunas
13.16

Without and within all beings, immovable and also movable; by reason of His subtlety imperceptible; at hand and far away is That.

brahmansubtlety
13.17

Not divided amid beings, and yet seated distributively; that is to be known as the supporter of beings; He devours and He generates.

brahmanimmanence
13.18

That, the Light of all lights, is said to be beyond darkness; Wisdom, the Object of Wisdom, by Wisdom to be reached, seated in the hearts of all.

brahmanlight-metaphor
13.31

When he perceiveth the diversified existence of beings as rooted in One, and spreading forth from it, then he reacheth the Eternal

unitybrahman
14.2

Having taken refuge in this Wisdom and being assimilated to My own nature, they are not re-born even in the emanation of a universe, nor are disquieted in the dissolution.

refugecosmic-cycles
14.3

My womb is the great Eternal; in that I place the germ; thence cometh the birth of all beings, O Bhârata.

cosmogonyprakriti
14.27

For I am the abode of the Eternal, and of the indestructible nectar of immortality, of immemorial righteousness, and of unending bliss.

brahmanchapter-closing
15.6

Nor doth the sun lighten there, nor moon, nor fire; having gone thither they return not; that is My supreme abode.

self-luminous-abodeno-returnsupreme-abode
15.15

And I am seated in the hearts of all, and from Me memory and wisdom and their absence. And that which is to be known in all the Vedas am I; and I indeed the Veda-knower and the author of the Vedanta.

omnisciencememory-and-knowledgevedanta
17.23

"Aum Tat Sat," this has been considered to be the threefold designation of the Eternal. By that were ordained of old Brâhmanas, Vedas and sacrifices.

om-tat-satbrahman
18.50

How he who hath attained perfection obtaineth the Eternal, that highest state of wisdom, learn thou from Me only succinctly, O Kaunteya.

transitionpath-to-brahman
18.53

Having cast aside egoism, violence, arrogance, desire, wrath, covetousness, selfless and peaceful—he is fit to become the Eternal.

ego-dissolutionfitness-for-brahman