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Vairāgya (वैराग्य)

When Arjuna objects that the mind is “restless, turbulent, strong, unyielding” and calls stilling it “as hard as holding the wind” (BG 6.34), Krishna concedes the difficulty and gives a two-part answer: BG 6.35 — “without doubt the mind is hard to restrain; but by abhyāsa (repeated practice) and vairāgya (dispassion), it is held.” Practice supplies the repeated return; dispassion removes the reason the mind keeps leaving.

Not aversion, but a lowered charge

Vairāgya is easy to confuse with distaste or withdrawal. In the Gita it is closer to a reduced pull: the objects are still there, but the mind no longer leans toward them as though its well-being depended on getting them. BG 13.8 lists it among the marks of real wisdom — “dispassion toward sense-objects, and absence of egoism.” BG 18.51BG 18.52, on the approach to Brahman, names “resorting to vairāgya” alongside solitude, moderate eating, and controlled speech. It is the counterpart to abhyāsa: one trains the return, the other drains the departure.

  • Abhyasa (अभ्यास) — the Gita never recommends one without the other; abhyāsa is the doing, vairāgya is the letting-go that makes the doing hold
  • Kāma (काम) — vairāgya is what dismantles kāma’s grip without requiring the feeling to be crushed